Der
Letzte Mann, The Last Laugh, was one of the films that portrayed what is called
extreme realism. This theme specifically was introduced in the 1920s as a part
of the German Expressionist movement. It was created during World War I due to
the banning of foreign films. In Der Letze Mann, Director F. W. Murnau, did the
unthinkable by having a silent film with no title cards; this challenged the
audience to completely focus on the detail within the frames. Many German films
in this time period beginning, in the early 1910s, used props and environments
to enhance its dramatic styles.
This
process ended up being very successful for most films during this movement such
as Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari (The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari). The director, Robert
Wiene used many angular designs to create a very weird and unsettling world. As
dramatic as Wiene’s scenery was, Murnau created the same type unsettling
feeling by capturing the intense and sometimes unsettling expressions on the
face of the Bellhop. Towards the end of the film, where we see the Bellhop in
the bathroom against the back wall, Murnau uses the single light from the light
box to give a heavy contrasted look to enhance the devestation of the bellhop.
Murnau
takes this common story of a man in his most noble position, who later crumbles
into his pit of shame, and magnifies it so that the viewer becomes personally
intrigued with the life of the character. In the beginning of the film, we
literally see the Bellhop in his most glorious state. Where he takes pride in
his appearance, as well as his job. However, it isn’t until we’ve met in the
office of the hotel manager where we see him physically transform from into the
state of self-worthlessness. This one scene alone is the height and the center
point of the characters transformation.
The
Bellhop does his best to convince himself that he is right to continue in his
bellhop duties by picking up the suitcase in the corner of the office where he
miserable fails to hold it in the air. As this suitcase tumbles to the ground,
so does the Bellhop, along with his self-pride and dignity. At this fall, we
see his appearance go from tamed, to out of control and is on a steady decline
throughout the film. This is also where he crosses over into a state of
desperation and as he walks down the hall of shame. This is literally depicted
as he is being escorted down the hallway with his head hanging down as he
passes the people eyeing him from the window. The Bellhop has now officially
fallen into a state where he realizes that he has ultimately failed himself. Where
he is separated from his most prized possession, his uniform.
Later
on, he chooses to steal back his uniform, as it seems to hold the power of the
former Bellhops success and happiness. While we see him with this uniform, an
alleged accomplishment does nothing but unsettle the viewer and we watch
buildings lean in over him. However, the former Bellhop returns his jacket, as
if he finally accepts his demotion. Murnau used close up shots and a focused
lighting to drastically to enhance the intense facial expressions by the
Bellhop.
Also, by working with a
lot of close up and medium shots, the entire character transformation becomes
much more personal to the viewer.